Churn



. (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

WQI-I. CURTI-CE.

GHURN. n No. 388,537. Patented Aug. 28, 1888.

:MIIHUU (No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 2.

W. H. CURTICB.

A CHURN. .8 No. 388,537. Patented Aug. 28, 1888.

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UNITED STATEs PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM II. GURTIOE, OF LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY.

CHURN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 388,537, dated August 28, 1888.

Application filed March 27, ISES. Serial `No. 268.654. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Beit known that I, WILLIAM H. CURTIGE, of Louisville, in the county of Jefferson and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ohurlis; and I do hereby declare the fol'lowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in churns, and particularly to such as'are known as working-body churns.

This invention is designed as an improvement upon that for which Letters Patent were issued to J. N. Curtice, bearing date the 5th day of July, 1887, and numbered 366,157.

The object of my present invention is to provide a churn which shall be simple and cheap in construction and easy in operation. Afurther object is to provide a lid for a churn which can be easily and quickly placed in position, and at the same time producing a neat fit to prevent the escape of cream during the operation of churning.

A further object is to furnish means whereby the churn-body may be retained at different angles.A

A further object is to so construct the operating-treadles that they may be quickly and easily applied and adjusted to the device, and without the necessity of fastening devices.

A further object is to provide means whereby the oscillating movement of the churn may be varied.

With these objects in view my invention consists in certain novel features of construction and peculiar combinations and arrangements of parts, as will be hereinafter set forth, and .pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of my improved churn. Fig. 2 is a detached view of the treadle mechanism. Fig. 3 is a view of the locking-pin. Fig. 4 is longitudinal sectional view of the churnbody. Fig. 5 is a side edge View of one of the lids C.

A indicates a frame, preferably of metal, and comprising two uprights, a, connected at their bottoms, and upwardly-extending braces c2. The uprights a, are made A-shaped and bifurcated at their upper ends for the support of trunnions a of a churn-body7 B.

The churn-body is preferably made of wood and of oblong shape, comprisingtwo sidepieces, b b, bottom c, top d d, and end pieces, e, secured together, as shown. The bottom c is removed a short distance from thelower edges of t'hesides b, so that rods g may be secured to the sides b and extended across the bottom of the body B, to rmly unite the parts together. The end pieces, e, are likewise placed slightly inward from the extremities of the sides, and rods g are passed through the ends of said side pieced to securely hold the ends of the box B in place. By thus uniting the sides andbottom of the body the joints of the same will be tight and escape of cream rendered impossible. posed of two pieces, d, lids or covers C O being inserted between them. The sides b b are cut away at their upper edges to produce supporting-ledges h, upon which the top is placed, the two end pieces, e e, being rigidly secured between the sides l) by means of screws or otherwise, rods j being preferably passed through the end pieces, d, and secured to the sides b. The inner edges of the pieces d are rabbeted, as shown in Fig. 4, battens'k being secured between the sides of the box beneath the pieces d, immediately in rear of said rabbeted ends.

The lid G of the box is preferably made in The top of the box is preferably conitwo sections,of a width to enter and tit snugly between the sides of the box B, said lids being cut away along their side edges to form flanges i, adapted to rest upon the ledges 71,. Battens lare preferably secured to the under side of the lids C, along their side edges, to stiffen said lids and prevent the same from warping. The outer ends of lids C are provided with double rabbets m, to fit into the rabbeted ends of the end pieces, d, the bottom iianges, m', of the lids abutting against the battens la on said end pieces, as shown in Fig. 4. The outer ends of the flanges i, at opposite sides of each lid, are preferably rounded, so that when the lid is placed upon its `seat small pieces of wood composing the lid will not break off and fall will also be provided with knobs n, by which to apply them to and remove them from place. The body B will preferably be provided with an outlet, B, at one end and aplug or stopper for closing the same, by which Ythe buttermilk may be allowed to escape.

A handle, D, may be secured to the body B at one end, preferably near one of its side edges, by which to oscillate said body on its trunnions, but I prefer to cause such oscillatory motion by means of foot-treadles, in a manner presently explained.

A downwardlyextending rod, E, is secured at its upper end to the bottoni of the churn body, at the center of the latter, and carries at its lower extremity a weight, F, which, when the churn-body is oscillated, will aid such oscillation.

The trunnions a of the body B are preferably cast integral witli metallic plates o, secured to the sides b of the body B by means of screws or otherwise. rlhe plate 0, at one side of the body B, is provided with two laterallyprojeet ings wings, o 02, and a downwardly-extending wing, o, having a series of open slots, pp p. Made in an upright, a, of the frame is an oval perforation, q, in line with the slotsp of the plate 0 successively. Inserted in this perforation is a pin, G, having lugs q q2 projecting laterally from it in reverse directions at opposite ends. The pin or key G may also be provided with a laterally-projecting knob or index, q, for a purpose presently explained. Vhen the pin is inserted in the perforation q of the upright having its lug q projecting upwardly and conforming to the shape of the perforation g, the free end of said pin will eX- tend into one of the slots p of the plate o, and thus retain the box B in a rigid horizontal position,for the purpose of collecting and working the butter,or in an inclined position,for the purpose of draining the churn-body. When the churn is in operation, the pin G will be withdrawn from the plate o, so as to disengage the lug q from the oblong perforation in the upright, the knob Q3 being then turned up or down to prevent the accidental engagement ofthe pin with the plate o during the operation of churning.

The wings o o? are provided with aseries of two or more perforations, 1 lr, for the pivotal support ofthe upper ends ofrods s s, these perforations being arranged in an obliqueline, so that the upper ends of the rods s s may be located at different distances from the trunnions a', for a purpose presently explained.

One of the braces ce2 of the frame A is provided at opposite sides, near its bottom, with trunnions t t, whichare preferably formed integral with said brace and serve as bearings for two treadles, t t. At the base of each trunnion t, at opposite sides of the brace, are formed forwardly-extending ears u u. The treadles t are provided at their upper ends, near their inner edges, with perforated bosses u u', adapted to t upon the trunnions ,upon which said treadles vibrate. These treadles are preferably cast of suitable metal with open fretwork to secure lightness, and are provided at the upper extremities of their inner side edges, immediately beneath the bosses u', with recesses t v, into which ears u, at the base of the trunnions, are adapted to take and prevent the treadles from becoming accidentally displaced laterally. By this construction it will be seen that the treadles may be readily placed in position on their trunnions easily and quickly by first elevating the lower end of the treadle, then slipping the perforated boss upon its trunnion until the ear u is in alignment with the recess 1J, and then lowering the free end of the trcadle to its proper position,when the ear u will enter said recess o. The treadles may be removed by a reverse operation. Thus it will be seen that the treadles are placed in position and secured against accidental displacement without the use of separate fastening devices, which are apt to be lost. The treadles t t are provided at points between their ends with perforations for the reception of the lower ends of the rods s s, which connect the treadles with the churnbody.

It will readily be seen that by operating the treadles t an oscillatory motion will be imparted to the body B, and that such oscillation may be regulated by changing the positions of the upper ends of the rods s from one perforation r to another.

lli/,ith a churn constructed as above described butter can be churned quickly and easily and with but little labor on the part of the operator.

Having fully described my invention,what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. rlhe combination, with standards and a churn-bodyjournaled thereon, of a treadle, a pitman connecting the treadle and churnbody, and a pin constructed to pass through an opening in one standard and engage the churn-body for locking thelatter against move' ment, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a frame and a churn-body mounted on said frame, of a plate having a series of open slots secured to the churn-body, and a pin provided with laterallyprojecting lugs adapted to be passed through an oval perforation in the frame and into-one of the series of slots in theplate, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a frame and a churn-body, of plates secured to the sides of the churirbody, and carrying trunnions upon which said body oscillates, one of said plates being provided with wings, treadles pivoted to the frame, rods pivotally connecting the treadles and plates, and a pin passing through a perforation in the frame and entering an open slot in said plate7 substantially as set forth.

4c. The combination, with standards and a churn-bodyjournaled thereon, the latter having a series of recesses on one side thereof, of

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:t treadle, mpitman connecting the treadle specification in the presence of two subscriband churn-body, and a, pin constructed to ingwitnesses.

passthrough one standard and enter one of v A the recesses in the churn-body, whereby the. WILLAM H CURHGE v5 latter can be locked in a horizontal or inclined Witnesses:

position. CHAs. H. GORHAM,

In testimony whereof I have signed this J. L. SMITH. 

